Electric tourist car driver schematic diagram

Electric tourist car driver schematic diagram:
Power batteries - electric control system - motor speed control system - drive motor - drive - drive the wheels.
1, battery: The battery is the vehicle's power source. Now we use the batteries are lead-acid batteries, it is a shell, electrolyte, cathode plates, negative plates, separators, etc., the main component of lead plates, the electrolyte is sulfuric acid, so the battery as lead acid batteries.
(1) discharge principle: When the external circuit connected to the load after the battery is negative potential difference between the plates under the action of the negative plate by an electronic load it into the positive plate to form a current. While the chemical reaction inside the battery, the negative plate of lead atoms each emit two electrons, positive ions into lead, while the excess electrons on the cathode, these electrons under the action of the electromotive force, will continue to flow into the cathode through the external circuit The formation of current. Within the electrolyte, due to ionization of sulfuric acid molecules, there are hydrogen ions and carboxylate ions, they produce lead sulfate molecules attached to the anode.
In the cathode plate, into the electronic circuit from the outside, easy to tetravalent lead compounds into positive ions are divalent lead ions, and an immediate and positive plate near the carboxylate anion combine to produce sulfuric acid molecules attached to the positive plate of lead on. At the same time, the electrolyte toward the anode plate hydrogen ions and oxygen ions combine to form water.
(2) charge principle: charge is anti-discharge process. Charge should be between positive and negative plates in the battery external DC power supply, so the positive and negative plates consumed in the discharge of active substances to restore, and to the external power of positive current flows from the battery positive plate, through the electrolyte and the cathode plate external power supply back into the negative. Generated internally in the battery the following reaction: in the negative plate, due to access to electronic, divalent ions are in the lead and for lead, and the positive plate attached to the solid state. Loss of electrons in the cathode plate by the electrolyte in the vicinity of the plate in the free state of the divalent lead character constantly released from the two electrons added, when the price of lead ions into 4 immediately after the hydroxyl ions and water to generate the transition state and dissociation of the material can be shaped and free hydrogen ions. The former has continued to be broken down into lead dioxide and water. When the battery charge, the bipolar plate active material had been consumed restored.Sulfuric acid electrolyte composition also increased, to reduce moisture, density increased. Therefore, in practical work based on the changes in the density of the electrolyte to determine the extent of acid rechargeable battery.
2, the electronic control: the controller is actually a chopper, according to a set accelerator voltage of the battery to the motor winding on smoothly, so smoothly rotating motor. Controller is part of the tour bus of the soul, it can according to the wishes of the battery power but not too much to pass to the completion of the motor acceleration, deceleration, forward, backward and other activities.
Controller 0-5K input resistance as the speed of the input signal, the dead zone limit 5-500 ohm, ceiling 4500-5000 ohms. The series excitation controller has the following features:
(1) high-frequency switching and low voltage drop to ensure efficient and quiet operation.
(2) Thermal protection and compensation circuit provides a fixed current limit.
(3) If the accelerator cable open circuit, a potentiometer fault protection circuit against controller.
(4) foot high board failure - when you open the accelerator key switch has been released, the controller will remain closed until the accelerator to return to neutral.
3, the motor: the motor works:
Motor stator and rotor are two major components, the stator magnetic pole on (winding or permanent magnet type), the rotor has windings, energized, the rotor has also created a magnetic field (magnetic), the stator and rotor pole angle between a in the stator and rotor magnetic field (N pole and S pole between) the mutual attraction, the motor rotation. Change the position of the brush, you can change the angle between the stator and rotor magnetic pole direction, there by changing the motor rotation direction is the electrical input power, output is mechanical energy